Partial knee replacement, also known as unicompartmental knee replacement, is a surgical procedure designed to replace only the damaged portion of the knee joint, typically one of the three compartments: medial, lateral, or patellofemoral.
Partial Knee Replacement
Partial knee replacement is a surgical procedure aimed at replacing only the damaged part of the knee joint while preserving the healthy portions. It is commonly performed to address osteoarthritis that affects only one part of the knee, usually the medial compartment.
Types of Partial Knee Replacement
Medial Compartment Replacement: Involves replacing the damaged tissue on the inner side of the knee joint.
Lateral Compartment Replacement: Targets the damaged tissue on the outer side of the knee joint.
Patellofemoral Replacement: Addresses osteoarthritis affecting the kneecap and the groove in the thighbone that it slides over.
Lateral Compartment Replacement: Targets the damaged tissue on the outer side of the knee joint.
Patellofemoral Replacement: Addresses osteoarthritis affecting the kneecap and the groove in the thighbone that it slides over.
Benefits of Partial Knee Replacement:
- Preserves healthy bone and tissue in the knee joint
- Faster recovery and rehabilitation compared to total knee replacement
- Smaller incision and less trauma to surrounding tissues
- Improved range of motion and functionality of the knee joint
Procedure
During partial knee replacement surgery, the damaged portion of the knee joint is removed and replaced with a prosthetic implant made of metal and plastic. The surgery is typically performed under general or regional anesthesia and involves a smaller incision compared to total knee replacement.
Recovery and Rehabilitation:
After partial knee replacement surgery, patients typically undergo a comprehensive rehabilitation program to regain strength, flexibility, and function in the knee joint. Physical therapy exercises, along with walking aids if necessary, are essential for a successful recovery.
Risks and Complications:
While partial knee replacement is generally considered safe and effective, like any surgical procedure, it carries risks such as infection, blood clots, implant failure, and nerve or blood vessel damage.